Virology & vaccine handbook

15 Mar 2023

Current methods to measure virus and neutralizing antibody titers include plaque assays, plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT), or immuno-focus assays. These methods are labor intensive and have inconsistent results due to the variable rate of plaque formation and optimal time points to count plaques for each infection.

In this handbook, Agilent describes how you can use the xCELLigence Real Time Cell Analysis instruments to track viral cytopathic effects continuously without the use of agar, dye, or fixative over minutes to days. These automated assays greatly reduce workload and provide quantitative kinetics for the entire virus life cycle.

Related products

Request Quote for All Products

xCELLigence RTCA SP
Agilent Technologies
The Agilent xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) SP instrument uses label-free cellular impedance to continuously monitor cell health, behavior, and function with high accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility. The SP model can run a 96-well electronic microplate (E-Plate 96), which is ideal for cell health characterization, immune cell-mediated killing, viral cytopathic effects, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, cell barrier function (TEER), cell signaling (e.g., GPCR) and other related applications. The instrument operates in a standard CO2 cell culture incubator and the control unit is housed outside the incubator. Simply plate cells and begin monitoring cell behavior to obtain real-time kinetic data for assay windows that stretch from seconds to days. Online data acquisition and offline data analysis are easy to perform using RTCA Software Pro, which also supports FDA 21 CFR Part 11 compliance. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
(14)
xCELLigence RTCA HT
Agilent Technologies
The Agilent xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) HT instrument uses label-free cellular impedance to continuously monitor cell health, behavior, and function with high accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Simply plate cells, add treatments, and begin monitoring cell behavior to obtain real-time kinetic data for assay windows that stretch from seconds to days. The HT model can run a 384-well electronic microplate (E-Plate 384), which is ideal for high-throughput screening experiments. Integrate up to 4 instruments controlled by a single control unit for a total of 1,536 wells to meet high throughput sample screening needs. The RTCA HT model can be used as a single instrument on a standard lab bench or integrated into a multi-instrument high-throughput workflow with automated liquid handling. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
(2)
xCELLigence RTCA Cardio
Agilent Technologies
The xCELLigence RTCA Cardio instrument monitors cardiomyocyte activity for cardiotoxicity assessment. The contraction-relaxation cycle of cardiomyocytes gives rise to a distinct, rhythmic fluctuation in impedance that is readily captured on the millisecond time scale. Changes in the intensity and periodicity in impedance are monitored in seconds or in days to assess cardiomyocyte contractility and viability in the presence of various drugs. The xCELLigence RTCA Cardio instrument, which analyzes cells in an electronic 96-well microtiter plate format (E-Plate Cardio 96), is placed in a standard CO2 cell culture incubator and interfaces via a cable with analysis and control units that are housed outside the incubator. User friendly software allows for real-time control and monitoring of the instrument. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
(3)
xCELLigence RTCA DP
Agilent Technologies
The Agilent xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) DP (dual purpose) instrument continuously measures cell invasion and migration (CIM) and monitors cell health, behavior, and function using label-free cellular impedance. The three cradles of the DP instrument enable three separate electronic 16-well plates to be controlled and monitored in parallel or independently of one another. This flexible plate batch processing allows maximum productivity for multiple users. The instrument operates in a standard CO2 cell culture incubator and the control unit is housed outside the incubator. Online data acquisition and offline data analysis are easy to perform using RTCA Software Pro, which also supports FDA 21 CFR Part 11 compliance. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
(24)
xCELLigence RTCA MP
Agilent Technologies
The Agilent xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) MP instrument uses label-free cellular impedance to continuously monitor cell health, behavior, and function with high accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility. The MP model can host up to six 96-well electronic microplates (E-Plate 96), which can be run in parallel or independently of one another. This multiple plate format is ideal for cell health characterization, immune cell-mediated killing, viral cytopathic effects, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, cell barrier function (TEER), cell signaling (e.g., GPCR) and other related applications. The instrument operates in a standard CO2 cell culture incubator and the control unit is housed outside the incubator. Simply plate cells and begin monitoring cell behavior to obtain real-time kinetic data for assay windows that stretch from seconds to days. Online data acquisition and offline data analysis are easy to perform using RTCA Software Pro, which also supports FDA 21 CFR Part 11. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
(12)