ResourceSpectroscopy
Total Chlorine by Modified ASTM D7536 with Accu-flow
19 Feb 2019X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, while widely used for total sulfur testing, has traditionally been an ineffective tool for the direct measurement of total chlorides in crude oil due to the settling effects of inorganic chloride salts during the measurement process. This settling leads to poor precision and an industry preference for other measurement or sample extraction techniques.
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Fluorescence SpectroscopyFluorometers and spectrofluorometers (also called fluorescence spectrometers) are used to measure the intensity and wavelength of fluorescent light emitted from a sample after excitation by illumination. Spectrofluorometers utilize monochromators to select the desired wavelengths, whereas filter fluorometers employ a set of filters. Spectrofluorometers for measuring steady-state fluorescence and lifetime fluorescence (or time-resolved fluorescence) are available, as well as fluorescence microscopes and microplate readers. Find the best fluorescence spectroscopy products in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.X-Ray Diffraction and SpectroscopyX-Ray diffraction & spectroscopy are used in material characterization to discern the structure and elemental composition of a sample. X-Ray diffractometers (XRD) are superior instruments in elucidating the dimensional atomic structure of crystalline materials, including powders, thin films and single crystals. For large unit cells or ordered macromolecules, consider small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). X-ray spectroscopic techniques include X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), both providing simple and accurate methods for determining the elemental composition of a material. Energy dispersive (EDXRF) and wavelength dispersive (WDXRF) XRF spectrometers are available, as well as handheld/portable devices. High-resolution, 3D microstructure characterization of materials can be achieved with X-ray microscopes combining sub-micron resolution imaging with 3D computed tomography. Find the best XRD and XRF spectrometers in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.Crude OilThe chemical evaluation of the complex combination of hydrocarbons and organometallic compounds found within crude oil. The results provide data on the chemical characteristics of a sample for petroleum testing laboratories.X-Ray FluorescenceX-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of materials. It is widely used in geology, materials science, and environmental testing for detecting heavy metals and other elements. Browse our peer-reviewed product directory to find the best XRF systems, compare products, check reviews, and get pricing directly from manufacturers.PetrochemicalsPetrochemicals are chemical products derived from petroleum or natural gas, essential in creating plastics, fuels, and synthetic materials. Analytical techniques help ensure product quality and environmental compliance. Browse equipment for petrochemical analysis in our product directory.Corrosion
