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Rare Earth Analysis by HR ICP-OES on PlasmaQuant® PQ 9000
Rare Earth Analysis by HR ICP-OES on PlasmaQuant® PQ 9000
11 Nov 2015Contrary to their name, rare earth elements (REE) make up a substantial part of the earth’s crust where they do occur dispersed among various minerals. Today, there is a high demand for REEs as lanthanides and actinides are heavily used by the electronic industry, in catalysts and optical displays as well as for high-performance magnets and batteries. Hence, credible trace analysis routines are required for the assessment of potential mining sites, process control solutions and high-purity REEs. This application note demonstrates the analysis of a sample of REE using the High-Resolution Array ICP-OES PlasmaQuant® PQ 9000 from Analytik Jena.
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Atomic Absorption / Emission SpectroscopyAtomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) — also called optical emission spectroscopy (OES) — are used to detect the elemental constituents in samples. Both techniques involve the atomization of a sample. Atomic absorption spectrometers may use a flame or furnace to create an atomic vapor of the sample before irradiation with spectral light. Optical emission spectrometers may use a flame, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), microwave plasma (MP) or spark arcs to atomize and excite the sample. At higher excitation energies, electrons can be emitted instead of photons, which can be useful for samples that can’t be atomized and for surface analysis. Explore electron spectroscopy equipment such as Auger spectrometers and photoelectron spectrometers for surface elemental analysis of samples. Find the best atomic absorption, photoelectron and optical emission spectrometers in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.Particle CharacterizationParticle characterization instruments are used to determine particle size distribution, shape, surface area, zeta potential, density and porosity of particles and materials. Multiple tecchniques are available for determining particle size, shape and count including dynamic light scattering (DLS), laser diffraction, electrozone (Coulter technique), imaging particle analysis and single particle optical sensing. Determine the density of your material with a gas pycnometer or examine its surface area and porosity with gas adsorption analyzers and mercury porosimeters. Find the best particle characterization instruments in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.Mechanical TestingMechanical testing explores the elastic and inelastic nature of a material when force is applied. A mechanical test shows whether a material is suitable for its intended application by measuring hardness, tensile strength, elongation, elasticity, and fatigue limit.Non-Destructive TechniquesNon-destructive techniques (NDT) describes a variety of analytical techniques used to evaluate the properties of a material. Common methods include ultrasonic, magnetic-particle, liquid penetrant, radiographic, remote visual inspection (RVI), and eddy-current testing. NDT is regularly used in forensic engineering, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, systems engineering, aeronautical engineering, and medicine.CatalystTrace Level ImpuritiesTrace level impurities refer to low concentrations of unwanted substances found in chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other products. Detecting and removing these impurities is crucial for product safety and regulatory compliance. Explore trace impurity analysis tools in our peer-reviewed product directory; compare products, check reviews, and get pricing directly from manufacturers.BatteriesMiningProcess MonitoringRare Earth Elements