Quantification of mitochondrial membrane potential

Mitochondria serve as the primary organelles responsible for generating energy within cells. In particular, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) is considered a key indicator of mitochondrial function, as it is vital for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Hence, MMP measurement has long been used as a marker for evaluating apoptosis, cell viability, and overall cellular health. In healthy cells with normal MMP, JC-10 accumulates within the mitochondria, forming aggregates that emit red fluorescent wavelengths. In unhealthy cells with declined MMP, such as apoptotic cells, JC-10 scatters across the cytoplasm and converts into monomers, emitting green fluorescent wavelengths. Curiosis introduces a procedure for evaluating mitochondrial membrane potential using Celloger^® Pro live cell imaging system. The system's dual fluorescence and bright-field microscopy enable simultaneous visualization of multiple markers, while the multi-point time-lapse imaging captures dynamic cellular events across different locations.