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Photocatalytic Studies Using Temperature Programmed Desorption Mass Spectrometry (TPD-MS)
Photocatalytic Studies Using Temperature Programmed Desorption Mass Spectrometry (TPD-MS)
5 Nov 2015Thermal analysis consists of many techniques for the exploration of the physical properties of different substrates and adsorbents. Samples are subjected to programmed temperature exposure, and data is represented as a function of temperature. Thermal analysis methods are increasingly important in many industries including, but not limited to, quality control and industrial research on products such as polymers, pharmaceuticals, clays and minerals, food packaging, and metals and alloys. In this application note, a surface was dosed with CD3OH before exploiting to laser irradiation.
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Atomic Absorption / Emission SpectroscopyAtomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) — also called optical emission spectroscopy (OES) — are used to detect the elemental constituents in samples. Both techniques involve the atomization of a sample. Atomic absorption spectrometers may use a flame or furnace to create an atomic vapor of the sample before irradiation with spectral light. Optical emission spectrometers may use a flame, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), microwave plasma (MP) or spark arcs to atomize and excite the sample. At higher excitation energies, electrons can be emitted instead of photons, which can be useful for samples that can’t be atomized and for surface analysis. Explore electron spectroscopy equipment such as Auger spectrometers and photoelectron spectrometers for surface elemental analysis of samples. Find the best atomic absorption, photoelectron and optical emission spectrometers in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.Particle CharacterizationParticle characterization instruments are used to determine particle size distribution, shape, surface area, zeta potential, density and porosity of particles and materials. Multiple tecchniques are available for determining particle size, shape and count including dynamic light scattering (DLS), laser diffraction, electrozone (Coulter technique), imaging particle analysis and single particle optical sensing. Determine the density of your material with a gas pycnometer or examine its surface area and porosity with gas adsorption analyzers and mercury porosimeters. Find the best particle characterization instruments in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.Thermal Analysis EquipmentThermal analysis equipment is used for measuring heat flow, weight loss, dimension changes or thermomechanical properties and is important for analyzing a material’s performance and stability. Thermal analysis equipment includes differential scanning calorimeters (DSC), thermogravimetric analyzers (TGA), thermomechanical analyzers (TMA), dilatometers, thermometers, vapor sorption analyzers, boiling and melting point apparatus. Thermal analyzers can reveal properties such as melting, crystallization and glass transitions or other processes such as oxidation, decomposition, volatilization, as well as coefficients of thermal expansion and modulus. Find the best thermal analysis equipment in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.Mechanical TestingMechanical testing explores the elastic and inelastic nature of a material when force is applied. A mechanical test shows whether a material is suitable for its intended application by measuring hardness, tensile strength, elongation, elasticity, and fatigue limit.Non-Destructive TechniquesNon-destructive techniques (NDT) describes a variety of analytical techniques used to evaluate the properties of a material. Common methods include ultrasonic, magnetic-particle, liquid penetrant, radiographic, remote visual inspection (RVI), and eddy-current testing. NDT is regularly used in forensic engineering, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, systems engineering, aeronautical engineering, and medicine.Surface Area TestingPhysisorption studies fundamental parameters essential for the characterization of materials such as the specific surface area and pore size distribution. Properties such as porosity, strength, hardness, permeability, separation selectivity, corrosion, and thermal stress resistance can all be directly correlated to the porous structure of a material.Food PackagingThermal ProcessesPolymersPolymers are large molecules made up of many repeat units. Natural polymers such as DNA and proteins are essential to life, whereas synthetic polymers such as polystyrene and polyethylene are used widely due to their functionality. Typical techniques for analysis include GPC, SEC, DSC, FT-IR and NMR.CatalystMineralsPharmaceuticalsPharmaceuticals are medicinal drugs used in healthcare to diagnose, prevent, cure and treat illnesses. Pharmaceuticals that are excreted after use appear in wastewater and can have detrimental effects on the environment.Alloy SteelMetalsMetal analysis is critical in various industries, including environmental monitoring, food safety, and pharmaceuticals. Techniques such as ICP-MS and atomic absorption spectrometry are commonly used to detect trace metals. Explore metal analysis tools in our peer-reviewed product directory; compare products, check reviews, and get pricing directly from manufacturers.