ResourceGeneral Lab
Determination of Fluoride with the Ion-selective Electrode
3 Apr 2014This application bulletin describes the application of the Ion-selective Fluoride Electrode in determining the amount of fluoride present. Sample preparation is discussed for applications of fluoride in bone, carbonated beverages, cryolite, dental enamel, animal feed, fluorsilicates, phosphate minerals and plants.
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ElectrophoresisElectrophoresis equipment is used to separate mixtures of protein, DNA or RNA, based on their electric charge, size and other physical characteristics, by passing them through a medium such as a polyacrylamide gel, an agarose gel or a capillary tube. Electrophoresis equipment includes horizontal and vertical gel electrophoresis chambers, isoelectric focusing systems, 2D electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis instruments. Precast gels with a gradient can be used or gels can be hand cast. Samples are run alongside ladders or markers to identify the approximate size of a molecule. Separated proteins and nucleic acids in the gel can be stained or probed with fluorescent markers and then imaged and detected using gel documentation instruments, transilluminators, densitometers and scanners. Find the best electrophoresis equipment in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.pH Meters and ElectrodesIon and pH meters are electrochemical equipment used to measure the pH (acidity or alkalinity) or specific ion concentration of a solution. Other meters can also measure the conductivity or dissolved oxygen content of a solution. pH meters, specific ion meters, conductivity meters and dissolved oxygen meters can come as benchtop or portable equipment. A meter’s electrodes can be replaced with easy to clean electrodes or electrodes for difficult media. pH, ion and conductivity meters are typically used in life science research, pharmaceutical testing, food and beverage, environmental and water analysis. Find the best pH meters and electrodes in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.TitrationTitration is an analytical technique for determining substance concentration in a solution. For titration consider a manual or automated system, volumetric or coulometric reagent addition and indication by a potentiometer, spectrometer, turbidometer or by the Karl Fischer method. Other features of titration to consider include burettes, reagents, concentration range, reaction time and autosamplers.Fluoride