Top 7 Clinical Application Articles

Most interesting new application articles from the SelectScience® library

21 Dec 2015
Sonia Nicholas
Managing Editor and Clinical Lead

Editorial article

New application articles are added to SelectScience daily

New documents are added to the SelectScience application article library every day. This article highlights 7 of the most interesting new downloads available for members. The list includes advances in flow cytometry, use of mass spectrometry for breath analysis, methods for next generation sequencing, and more!

1. 6 Color Panel for Staining Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

This application note describes immunophenotypic analysis of human peripheral blood lymphocytes utilizing a 6-color antibody panel in a stain/lyse protocol run on the CytoFLEX Research Flow Cytometer. The markers chosen are commonly used surface CD antigens which can be used to quantify and characterize normal and abnormal lymphocyte populations in peripheral blood.

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2. Fast-Acquisition Breath Analysis Configuration

With the development of sensitive analytical technique, chemists can now search for unique trace markers in a person’s breath to identify particular medical conditions. Breath analysis has the potential to become a non-invasive diagnostic tool in clinical practice. Mass spectrometry is the ideal gas analysis technique for many respiratory applications. The MAX300-LG™ measures all compounds in a sample, requires minimal sample flow, and delivers rapid data updates. This application note demonstrates the use of the MAX300-LG™ for breath analysis.

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3. Somatic Variant Detection from Liquid Biopsy Samples using Targeted NGS

This application note describes a robust method for detecting somatic mutations from liquid biopsy samples by combining circulating tumor cell (CTC) enrichment with a high sensitivity targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel. The combined workflow has broad implications for how cancer can be monitored non-invasively using a routine blood draw without the need for tissue biopsies. Genomic aberrations detected with this approach can help elucidate the genomic signature of the cancer unique to each patient, and ultimately, can help guide therapeutic decisions.

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4. Laboratory Investigation of Hemolysis

Hemolysis is the premature breakdown of red blood cells (RBC). This can occur either within macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system (RES), or within the blood vessels. This application note provides an overview of the methods of detecting hemolysis, and explains the impact of artefactual hemolysis caused by poor blood collection and sample handling.

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5. Flow Cytometric Evaluation of Granzyme B May More Accurately Assess Effector Cell Function in CD8 Positive T Cells

Cytotoxic effector lymphocytes (CTL) are the premier line of defense in viral infection or tumor infiltration. Granzyme B is the main weapon in the CTL arsenal. Granzyme B is a serine protease found primarily in natural killer (NK) cells and CTL and it acts by means of inducing apoptosis in target cells. Contact between CTL and target cells results in directed exocytosis of the CTL granules and penetrance into target by means perforin-polymerized target-cell pores. This poster assesses whether measurement of granzyme B may be a more accurate assessment of cytotoxic T cell and NK activation, and thus more indicative of an acute cytotoxic response.

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6. No-lyse, No-wash Protocol for 6-color Immunophenotyping Analysis of Stained Human Whole Blood without Compensation using the Attune NxT Flow Cytometer

Compensation is one of the most critical, and yet poorly understood, topics in flow cytometry. Just as setting the proper voltage and knowing the range of wavelengths where fluorophores excite and emit, compensation is necessary for successful flow cytometry. Compensation is required for flow cytometry experiments because of the physics of fluorescence and the construction of flow cytometers. This application note describes the use of the Invitrogen™ Attune™ NxT Flow Cytometer for 6-color immunophenotyping analysis of stained human whole blood using a no-lyse, no-wash protocol.

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7. Label-free Screening of Human Diseases

Autoimmune diseases are derived from autoimmunity and are caused by an immune response of the organism against its own cells and tissues because it does not recognize them as own constituent parts. One example for an autoimmune disease is the Hughes syndrome (antiphospholipid syndrome, APS). This application note demonstrates how the Berthold Technologies bScreen with Biametrics 1lambda-RIDe technology is able to detect specifically serological autoimmune antibodies and thus can help to diagnose autoimmune diseases more quickly.

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CytoFLEX Flow Cytometer

Beckman Coulter Life Sciences

Providing quality and performance at any configuration, the CytoFLEX system provides powerful sensitivity and resolution for the simple to the most challenging applications. CytoFLEX delivers and surpasses capabilities expected in top tier analyzers, with excellent performance and nanoparticle resolution.

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HematologyIn Haematology / Hematology, complete blood cell counts (or full blood counts) are obtained using automated blood count analyzers to enumerate blood cell types.  Hematology also encompasses haemostasis and coagulation, thrombophilia and hemophilia, plasma viscosity and ESR analysis, hemoglobinopathies, cell morphology and haematinic measurement.ImmunologyImmunological techniques measure and characterize immune responses. Immunology kits and analysis systems often use techniques such as ELISA, radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunodiffusion assays, Immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. Immunologists use equipment such as flow Cytometers, plate readers, plate washers and fluorescent microscopes.Point-of-CarePoint-of-Care Testing (POCT) or Near Patient Testing (NPT) products are available for urine, blood and other clinical chemistry analyses. POCT includes: blood glucose testing, blood gas and electrolytes analysis, rapid coagulation testing (PT / INR), rapid cardiac markers diagnostics, drugs of abuse screening, urine strips testing, pregnancy testing, fecal occult blood analysis, food pathogens screening, hemoglobin diagnostics, infectious disease testing and cholesterol screening.Clinical ChemistryBiochemistry (or clinical chemistry) involves the analysis of bodily fluids using chemical tests. Techniques used include HPLC, chromatography, spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, immunochemical, electrophoresis, turbidometric / spectrophotometric assay, MRI and ISE analysis. Tests are often carried out on plasma or serum but urine (urinalysis) and fecal specimens are also processed.Clinical GeneticsMolecular Genetics covers the analysis of hereditary genetic disease and chromosomal abnormalities. Genetics can be analysed using DNA, RNA, and protein microarrays, PCR, RT PCR and DNA sequencing. Genetic equipment includes genetic workstations, thermal cyclers, cooling blocks and electrophoresis products. Diagnostic kits are used for DNA / RNA extraction and purification.Clinical NGSNext Generation Sequencing (NGS) refers to the use of massive parallel sequencing of multiple small fragments of DNA. This high-throughput genomic analysis yields enormous amounts of sequence data, which if appropriately analyzed could have huge potential for clinical laboratories. For this to happen there are technique and bioinformatic hurdles to be overcome.Clinical Mass SpectrometryMass spectrometry is emerging as a superior method of analysis over the longstanding, gold standard of immunoassay. Clinical mass spectrometry systems are increasingly accessible to medical laboratories and are capable of providing results with more speed and less expense than traditional methods. From simple mass spectrometers to IVDR class A compliant, highly sophisticated systems performing liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS), find the latest product news, reviews and resources to make a purchasing decision for your laboratory.